September 2024 - Truce Podcast

S6:E11National Women’s Conference (part 2)

by Chris Staron | Sep 24, 2024 | Episodes

1977 marked the beginning of the Religious Right and women lit the flame.

The National Women’s Conference was set to take place. State meetings were overrun by conservative women causing disruptions to the meetings as they paid the entrance fee with pennies or made noises during the discussions. But liberal women were not angels either. Some went so far as to accuse the conservatives of sending in mental patients to do their voting.

It’s easy in all of the noise to forget that this was a monumental meeting. Women from all over the country gathered together to discuss issues that impacted them. They ran the show. They set the agenda. Conservative women, by and large, didn’t show up for the main meeting. Why? Because of conspiracy theories circulated by groups led by people like Phyllis Schlafly saying that the elections would be rigged. Also, they started their own conference across town.

The Religious Conference that Started the Pro-Family, Pro-Life Movement

This pro-life, pro-family rally was only about three hours long. But it packed a big punch. People from all over the country took busses overnight to attend. They couldn’t stay the night because hotels were already booked up for the main meeting. So they came and went on the same day, taking the pro-family, pro-life movement with them.

It also came across as a mark against Carter on all sides. Conservatives disliked that the conference happened on his watch and that his wife attended. Liberals were upset because he fired Bella Abzug after the group badmouthed him in the press. Carter, as usual, was in a no-win situation.

In this episode, Chris winds up a three-part mini-series that takes us from Phyllis Schlafly’s turn against the ERA to this momentous weekend in 1977. The fallout of the conference is still with us today as religious people on the right work together to accomplish their goals, often trying to undo what liberals on the far left have already done. Extremes continue to snipe at extremes as the middle tries to get things done. 1977 marked the beginning of the Religious Right and women lit the flame.

Our guest for this episode is Marjorie Spruill, author of the book Divided We Stand. It is an excellent resource that is balanced and well-notated.

Sources:

Divided We Stand by Marjorie Spruill
Reaganland by Rick Perlstein
Interviews from the National Women’s Conference
Phyllis Schlafly Report from December 1977
NBC’s coverage of Phyllis Schlafly’s funeral with Donald Trump’s eulogy

Discussion Questions:

What were some positive outcomes of the National Women’s Year conference?
What were some challenges they faced?
Why did conservatives feel shut out of the conference?
What do you think about the role of conspiracy theories in conservative circles (example: Schlafly’s insistence that the meeting votes were rigged)?
Schlafly was overlooked in the Reagan administration. Why do you think that is?
Why is it so hard for people of different beliefs to work together, even for the common good?
What do you think would have happened if the IWY conference had not featured lesbian rights? Should it have avoided that controversial topic, or was it an issue whose moment had come?

S6:E10 National Women’s Conference Part 1

by Chris Staron | Sep 10, 2024 | Episodes

In 1977, the Congress of the United States allotted $5 million for the National Women’s Conference. The money was intended to bring together women from around the country so that they could put together recommendations for the Congress and President. It would highlight women of color, and those minorities who were sometimes overlooked like Native American women. But there was conflict from its inception.

The National Women’s Conference United Women and Created the Religious Right

Liberal women, some of the same who turned NOW into a liberal group, took control. They did not want the far-right to participate, women like Phyllis Schlafly who had fought so hard to stall the ERA. This only made conservative women more bitter.

Should a women’s conference advocate for homosexuals?

There was more fuel for the fire. Gay and lesbian rights were added to the discussion topics of the convention. That was a big deal in 1977 when conservative women rallied around Anita Bryant and her fight against equal rights for homosexuals in Miami, Florida. The Bible says that homosexuality is a sin, so some conservative religious people did not want to give homosexuals rights in the US. So for liberal women to incorporate a gay and lesbian plank into the National Women’s Conference was a BIG deal. And a way to pick a fight with conservatives.

Conservative women fight back

The battle ultimately led to conservatives hosting their own conference a few miles away. This gathering ultimately united the Religious Right and kicked off the Pro-Life, Pro-Family movement that we know today. How did women play a role in uniting evangelicals with the Republican Party?

Our guest today is Marjoie Spruill. She is the author of the fantastic book Divided We Stand. She is a distinguished professor emerita of history at the University of South Carolina.